http://www.mediafire.com/?9d37wjk3pdi77w
^the upload limit for wikispaces has been reached and breached here's the latests. I implore you please do not separate or rearrange sections. Ferd, Mike, James the code sections need titles, all sections other than design process need more titles to say what they are and they should be in bigger letters beside size 12. If anyone makes changes reload using same mediafire method and briefly talk about what you changed. I just added in the design process section and left off at the controller design. I will return to complete this section as well as the calculations section and I will be adding the rest of the data. (5/6/11 5:34am)
Ferd - your links.
FINAL PAPER HAS BEEN FINISHED AND SUBMITTED
+++++++
Letter of Transmittal - done
Abstract - done
Introduction - done
Objective - done
Our Impact - done
Design - needs overlooking (editing)
Testing Methods - done
Results - finished but if anyone has any mroe info that would be great
Conclusion - done
References - done
Appendix A - done
Appendix B - parts list...why wasn't TEC on that?
Appendix C - Coding..just gotta add the FSR sample code and we should be set...maybe lm 34 code?
Brent: I have originals of both of these...
Appendix D - Circuitry....needed?
Brent: I think it would be appropriate to fritz the modules separate from the controllers in the way that they were built. I'll include a diagram of the plug wiring.
Appendix E - Gnu licences ...needed? These can be found online...
Appendix F,G,H?
put your name somewhere if you want to volunteer to edit it, its going to need a lot of work
Mike Jennings, James Hall, and I (Ferdy bird) have been working on this for a while. I need the rest of you to fill what is missing.
remaining: 1) design section: look it over...see what can be done. we need to convert the URLs to the links in the appendix and have the references up top..unless the URLs are already made..idk..
Brent : I'll be detailing the design process today, I'll upload it once its done...
2) Design section: more information about the TEC...its lacking.
3) anything else required for appendix? ...the gnu liscence thingy? opinions? cookies?
4) and the one thing...the results...anyone know what these are?...no one can give anyone an answer...
Brent: There are quite a few mistakes on the data that was posted, I have original copies as well as other data that has not been resolved. I will excel these, explain them and post later today 3:30pm 05/09
Thanks guys...thats all that should be remaining
Link for final presentation http://prezi.com/presentation/michael.c.jennings@gmail.com/87w3639/
Order:
Overview - Jerred
Research - James P
TEC - Annie
Sensors - Anthony
Programming - Ferd the Bird
Power - Miguel Jennings
Demonstration- Closing Remarks - B Higs
updated 4/29/11 @ 9:39AM
If you want to edit this document with material instead of sending it to me just let me know what you did so I can keep track. Also make sure when you edit and upload you aren't overwriting someone else's work. I'll be back late tonight to compile it a lot more. Keep track of all your references so far too.
-Mike J
Outline:
Title page
Using TECnology to Regulate Core Body Temperature
Member List Here
ES 242 - Digital Health
Professor Mellodge
Submitted: mon/day/11
Letter of Transmittal (TECs) A brief letter that provides an explanation of the report and what is included in it.
About using newer tecnology called TECs
Regulating body temperature X
Health benefits
Table of contents
Abstract X
Introduction X
Objective X
Our Impact X
Moral Issues (health & safety, ethical issues) X
- The effects that the materials used may have on the environment. - The long term effect of using TECs to cool the skin Systems for maintaining the health and safety of people
safety rules and defined procedures
hazard warnings and instructions
safe storage of materials
ensuring that tools are safe to use
safe working practices X
safe working area. X
Safety Rules
It is recommended that operation of a fully competed device be in the supervision of a medical practitioner when usage exceeds 30 minutes at maximum operation. Health risks include those inherent with any compressive or cold force that is applied to the skin as stated by physician Dr. Buanomano of CT Multispecialty Group. When compressive force is applied to the skin and blood vessels are flattened there is a small chance that the vessel may spasm. When cooling is applied, vessel spasm likely a greater possibility than either condition separately.
Tissue Response to Cooling
Human tissue is severely affected by cold. Under normal circumstances a drop in just one degree Centigrade translates into a 10% reduction tissue metabolism. More on tissue response can be found in Research Archive.
Safe Operation
The device is designed to be self contained however the current device is limited to dry environments. At maximum operation a moist environment or contact surface could cause the water to form ice which could be topically damaging to the skin. This would be especially relevant if the patient is comatose or under anesthesia where their body's would not undergo the typical thermoregulation, however this specific circumstance needs to be tested.
Risk Warning
Potential shock hazard if operated in wet conditions as the prototype casing is not sealed.
Injury
Compression should not exceed the recommended amount. This is presumed to be around 45mmHg * See xxx. Further research on maximum compression could be done. To determine if this maximum bodily compression has been reached, see the section on *Design Improvements.
For maximal operation of the device compression can range from 15mmHg to 35mmHg. More compression means a faster rate of tissue cooling, however this is not linear. Minimal compression levels should be met, however greater compression levels do not yield significant increases in rate of tissue cooling.
Instructions
1. Slip the battery packs into the battery sleeve.
2. Connect corresponding color coded wire ends.
3. Fit device into compression sleeve.
4. Secure firmly around subject's arm. Notice: If the blue light does not turn on it is likely the device is not making adequate contact with the interface area.
5. Sufficient pressure will cause the device to turn on and self regulate.
Design
How the system works in detail x
Circuit Design
Controller
The test TEC is unique in the number of temperature sensors embedded in its casing. The controller uses a standard Arduino Lily Pad PCB with 328 ATmega processor. Ideally, the augmented microcontroller receives in put from the pressure and temperature sensors within the TEC module ......
Battery Schematic
Whole Schematic
The diagram below shows up our circuit is all connected as previously explained in each section. The 14.7V power supply connects directly to the two TECs in parallel. In parallel with those as well is two 12V regulators which are each connected to a CPU fan. These fans and TECs are each connected to their own MOSFET which is connected to ground. The Mosfets are connected to the "Pulse Width Modulation" ports on the arduino as well in order to regulate them. There is also the Arduino power supply which is connected only to the Arduino and ground. The last component is the temperature sensors. These are powered by the Arduino. These are also connected to a digital input port on the Arduino lilypad so it can read the digital temperature readings that they output as well. Due to the large number of components, there are a lot of wires which may look confusing on a diagram of the whole circuit setup.
diagram2.png
Armature Design (for wearing)
Heatsink Design
Placement
design process/choosing materials
The peltier device is held in a PVC casing. In addition to providing hosing for the thermoelectric, fan, heat sink, and temperature sensors it provides for the three following actions imperative to the success of this idea:
-Heat removal (ducting)
-Hot side/ Cold side separation
-Compression
The heat sink is "attached" with a high performance, silver based thermal paste with a high rate of heat transfer. Any form of permanent attachment to the heat sink must be conscientious of the fact that interfering or introducing other epoxy or super glue material will have an effect, most likely negative, on the heat transfer characteristic between the ceramic surface of the hot side and the metal body of heat sink. Even in small drops of glue placed at all corners hardened and expanded increasing the amount of space between the heat sink and hot side surface. The PVC armature allows us just to use the thermal paste without any form of permanent or externally based attachment. Attached to the top of the heat sink is a fan or blower. The means of attachment is super glue. Blue and red LEDs are super glued to the side of the fan. A temperature sensor is super glued as close as possible to the base of the heat sink so as to minimize intrinsic error of the bulk temperature sensors we used, see Immersion Sensors vs Topical Sensors*.
Heat Removal (ducting)
*Ducting is can be accomplished using aluminum flashing and bending it with a bending tool. See glossary for the stencil that will yield the dimensions of a duct perfect for a 40mm by 40mm TEC and heatsink. Notice the DS18B20 fitted on the corner of the fan to measure air intake temperature. The white wire is a fan speed sensor that is intended for a computer mother board. Reasonably information could be collected from this wire to a microcontroller. This could be relevant to objects entering the fan and stopping the blade, i.e. hair or a finger. Designing in a short amount of time modifications must remain relevant to the time imperative completion objective of the device.
*The above shows a base armature design that was later scrapped because it presented difficulties when vacuum forming and overall, was more labour intensive to make than the PVC housing - as recommended by Enver O.
The above base was designed with heat separation in mind, which is a function of the current PVC assembly. Aluminum foil was cut in the form of the base and layered on either side to obtain cold side/ hot side separation.
*Aluminum foil, exacto knife used to cut it, and the base cut out pictured on the right side. This base is a high impact resin, heat transfer characteristic of the base is unknown however plastic is commonly considered an insulator.
Hot side/ cold side separation is important because our objective is to make the device pull heat out of the body. if these systems are crossed, rate of tissue cooling would be drastically lowered. If the case did not provide this separation, hot air that is blown off of the heat sink will waft over the body area we are trying to cool resulting in useless cyclical operation.
A more permanent arrangement of all these internal components: heat sink, fan and sensors could be made by milling a custom plastic case in the milling machine.
This PVC armature with all included internal components is then drapped in hot plastic through the vacuum forming process. This is more art than process and resulted in multiple issues, see Vacuum Forming*.
Small movement will occur between the heat sink and the surface of the peltier device until the thermal compound has completely dried and solidified. At this point it is likely that the heat transfer characteristic will as well be affected negatively and the ability of the heat sink and fan to remove heat will drop off, though by how much is undetermined. For now the PVC allows small movement while protecting these internal components from large impact. Though in a large impact such as dropping it from a table, the heat sink will likely detach from the hot side surface.
In summation the
In order to sustain the cooling action of the peltier or thermoelectric device, heat removal must also remain constant.
Heat removal is
-all the while affording us the opportunity to apply an amount of compression perpendicular to the planar surface that will be used for cooling
Testing Methods
Results
Conclusion
References
Appendix
Parts List
1)Part #and Name-$19.90 - PRT-10217 - LiPo Charger Basic ($9.95 ea.) 2units Manufactures-N/a Vender-SparkFun Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161 Product description -The USB LiPo Charger is a basic charging circuit that allows you to charge 3.7V LiPo cells at a rate of 500mA or 100mA per hour. It is designed to charge single-cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries.
2)Part #and Name- $11.85 - PRT-09771 - Theragrip Thermal Tape ($3.95 ea.)3units Manufactures-N/a Vender-SparkFun Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161 Product description- Thermalloy Theragrip is a double sided tape for ceramic or metal heatsink packages. Theragrip provides both good thermal performance and excellent electrical isolation.
3)Part #and Name-$11.85 - COM-10256 - MOSFET Power Control Kit ($3.95 ea.)3units Manufactures-N/a Vender-SparkFun Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161 Product description- -This MOSFET power control kit is basically a breakout for RFP30N06LE which is a very common MOSFET with very low on-resistance and a control voltage (aka gate voltage) that is compatible with any 3-5V micro controller or mechanical switch.
Manufactures-N/a Vender-SparkFun Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/731 Product description--This is a very small, extremely light weight batty based on the new Polymer Lithium Ion chemistry. This is the highest energy density currently in production. Each cells outputs a nominal 3.7V at 110mAh! Comes terminated with a standard 2-pin JST connector - 2mm spacing between pins.
Manufactures-Leah Buechle Vender-SparkFun Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/8786 Product description--A small, but very mighty power supply. This board was designed to be as small and inconspicuous as possible. The nice thing about LiPower is the ability to use rechargable Lithium Polymer batteries. These batteries are smaller, flatter, and last much longer than a AAA battery. Attach a single cell LiPo battery, flip the power switch, and you will have a 5V supply to power your LilyPad network. Good up to 150mA. Short circuit protected.
Part #and Name -922007094-02 Dynatron DF124028_U 40x40x28MM SLEE (9.78EA Total with S&H = 34.54) Manufactures- www.dynatron-corp.com/ Vendor- www.compuvest.com/ Link to data Sheet- http://www.dynatron-corp.com/en/product_detail_1.aspx?cv=&id=46&in=0 Reason for purchase -This CPU fan was purchased to be a heat sink for our TECs. It will disperse the heat that accumulates on it.
Part #and Name -SEN-00245 One Wire Digital Temp Sensor (Quantity 8) Manufactures- http://www.maxim-ic.com/ Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/ Link to data Sheet- http://datasheets.maxim-ic.com/en/ds/DS18B20.pdf Reason for purchase -This is the temperature sensor which will gather data about our targets temp. The data is sent to the lilypad which uses it to determine when to operate the TECs.
Circuit Schematics
Hardware Schematics
Arduino Lilly Pin Availability
A5 -LM35 (R) A4 -LM35 (R) A3 -FSR1 (L) A2 -FSR2 (L) A1 - FSR1(R) A0 - FSR2(R) 13 - 12 - one wire (R) 11 - Fan for to peltier10 (R) 10 - mosfet to peltier10 (R) 9 - blue LED for peltier110 (R) 8 -one wire (L) 7 -red LED (R) 6 - mosfet to peltier6 (L) 5 - Fan for peltier6 (L) 4 -red LED (L) 3 - blue LED for peltier6 (L) 2 - 1- 0 -
Programming Code
Original Code
Original code in their unaltered form as well as their sources at the time of inclusion can be found here.
Code for LM34 Fahrenheit temperature sensors /for two LM34s if your board pins are full consider using the dallas one wire set up
Fan Power
Peltier Power
The code that will be used in the device:
Smash&Grab :A demonstration and testing code with no variable control just maximum output. The FSR sensor is responsible for ON/OFF toggling. For two TECs, two fans, four pressure sensors, 2 LEDs and no temperature sensors.
RIGHT SIDE
int Rpeltier = 10; The N-Channel MOSFET is on digital pin 11
int Rpower ; Power level fro 0 to 99% int Rpeltier_level = map(Rpower, 0, 99, 0, 255); This is a value from 0 to 255 that actually controls the MOSFET
int Rfan = 11;
int RfanPower;
int Rfan_level = map(RfanPower,0,99,0,255);
LEFT SIDE int Lpeltier = 6; N-Channel MOSTFET on PWM pin 6 controlling peltier output
int Lpower ; Peltier power level from 0 to 99% int Lpeltier_level = map(Lpower, 0, 99, 0, 255); This is a value from 0 to 255 that actually controls the peltier device
int Lfan = 5; N-Channel MOSFET on PWM pin 5 controlling fan speed int LfanPower; Fan power level from 0 to 99%
int Lfan_level;
FSR resistor variables
RIGHT-SIDE
int RfsrPin = 0; the FSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a0 int R2fsrPin = 1; the second FRSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a1
int RfsrReading; the analog reading from the FSR resistor divider int R2fsrReading;
int RfsrVoltage; the analog reading converted to voltage
int R2fsrVoltage;
unsigned long RfsrResistance; The voltage converted to resistance, can be very big so make "long" unsigned long R2fsrResistance;
unsigned long RfsrConductance; unsigned long R2fsrConductance;
long RfsrForce; Finally, the resistance converted to force
long R2fsrForce;
LEFT-SIDE
int LfsrPin = 0; the FSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a0
int L2fsrPin = 1; the second FRSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a1
int LfsrReading; the analog reading from the FSR resistor divider
int L2fsrReading;
int LfsrVoltage; the analog reading converted to voltage int L2fsrVoltage;
unsigned long LfsrResistance; The voltage converted to resistance, can be very big so make "long"
unsigned long L2fsrResistance;
unsigned long LfsrConductance;
unsigned long L2fsrConductance;
long LfsrForce; Finally, the resistance converted to force long L2fsrForce;
Analog voltage reading ranges from about 0 to 1023 which maps to 0V to 5V (= 5000mV)
RfsrVoltage = map(RfsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000); Serial.print("R1 Voltage in mV = "); Serial.println(RfsrVoltage);
R2fsrVoltage = map(R2fsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000); Serial.print("R2 Voltage in mV = "); Serial.println(R2fsrVoltage);
if (RfsrVoltage == 0) { Serial.println("R1 no pressure"); }else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
RfsrResistance = 5000 - RfsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV RfsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
RfsrResistance /= RfsrVoltage;
Serial.print("R1 ohms = ");
Serial.println(RfsrResistance) ;
}
if (R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("R2 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math! R2fsrResistance = 5000 - R2fsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
R2fsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor R2fsrResistance /= R2fsrVoltage; Serial.print("R2 in ohms = "); Serial.println( R2fsrResistance);
Use the two FSR guide graphs to approximate the force
if (RfsrConductance <= 1000) {
double RfsrForce = RfsrConductance / 80; Serial.print("R1 in Newtons: "); Serial.println(RfsrForce,4); RfsrForce = RfsrForce/4.44822162; Serial.print("R1 in Pounds:"); Serial.println(RfsrForce,4); } if (R2fsrConductance <= 1000) { double R2fsrForce = R2fsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("R2 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
R2fsrForce = R2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("R2 Force in Pounds:");
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
} else {
double RfsrForce = RfsrConductance - 1000;
RfsrForce /= 30; Serial.print("R1 Force in Newtons: "); Serial.println(RfsrForce,4); RfsrForce = RfsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("R1 in Pounds:"); Serial.println(RfsrForce,4);
Serial.print("R2 in Pounds:"); Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
}
LEFT-SIDE
LfsrReading = analogRead(LfsrPin);
Serial.print("L1 analog reading = ");
Serial.println(LfsrReading);
L2fsrReading = analogRead(L2fsrPin);
Serial.print("L2 analog reading = ");
Serial.println(L2fsrReading);
analog voltage reading ranges from about 0 to 1023 which maps to 0V to 5V (= 5000mV) LfsrVoltage = map(LfsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000); Serial.print("L1 in mV = "); Serial.println(LfsrVoltage);
if (LfsrVoltage == 0) { Serial.println("L1 no pressure"); }else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
LfsrResistance = 5000 - LfsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV LfsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
LfsrResistance /= LfsrVoltage;
Serial.print("L1 in ohms = ");
Serial.println(LfsrResistance) ;
}
if (L2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("L2 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math! L2fsrResistance = 5000 - L2fsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
L2fsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor L2fsrResistance /= L2fsrVoltage; Serial.print("L2 in ohms = "); Serial.println( L2fsrResistance);
LfsrConductance = 1000000; we measure in micromhos so
LfsrConductance /= LfsrResistance;
Serial.print("L1 in microMhos: ");
Serial.println( LfsrConductance);
L2fsrConductance = 1000000; we measure in micromhos so L2fsrConductance /= L2fsrResistance; Serial.print("L2 in microMhos: "); Serial.println( L2fsrConductance);
}
Use the two FSR guide graphs to approximate the force
if (LfsrConductance <= 1000) {
double LfsrForce = LfsrConductance / 80; Serial.print("L1 in Newtons: "); Serial.println(LfsrForce,4); LfsrForce = LfsrForce/4.44822162; Serial.print("L1 in Pounds:"); Serial.println(LfsrForce,4); } if (L2fsrConductance <= 1000) { double L2fsrForce = L2fsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("L2 Newtons: ");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
L2fsrForce = L2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("L2 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
Serial.print("L1 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(LfsrForce,4);
Serial.print("L2 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
}
RIGHT AND LEFT LED CONTROLLER Rbluebrightness = map(RfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 255); we'll need to change the range from the analog reading (0-1023) down to the range
Lbluebrightness =map(LfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 255); used by analogWrite (0-255) with map! analogWrite(RblueLED, Rbluebrightness); LED gets brighter the harder you press, though the fsrReading's cieling is 1023,
analogWrite(LblueLED, Lbluebrightness); it makes sense to change this to 800 as it relates to our power mapping
TEC CONTROLLER
Rpower = map(RfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 99); increasing the final fsrReading value will make the pressure sensor more variable and less like an on and off switch Lpower = map(LfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 99);
analogWrite(Rpeltier, Rpeltier_level); Write this new value out to the port
analogWrite(Lpeltier, Lpeltier_level); Write this new value out to the port
FAN CONTROLLER
if (RfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Rfan_level = 0;
}else {
Rfan_level = 255;
}
if (LfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Lfan_level = 0;
}
else{
Lfan_level = 255;
}
analogWrite(Rfan, Rfan_level); Write this new value out to the port analogWrite(Lfan, Lfan_level); Write this new value out to the port
And organizations that would want to utilize our device
Moral Issues (research)
Safety Issues
Overheating or overcooling may burn skin
Material and/or hair getting caught in fan
Faulty response from micro controller
and more...
Moral Issues
No self control over body temperature
and more...
Design (research) Describe your design in detail. If you think you have too much detail, you are probably wrong. The intent of this section is to describe your design, discuss your design procedure, and justify your decisions so that someone else can recreate your work. Include figures, flowcharts, schematics, or pseudocode as appropriate. Also, in this section include subsections about the following issues: (1) Economic factors in the design, (2) How the design addresses health and safety Issues, and (3) How the design incorporates professional and/or ethical responsibilities.
Original design
Evolution of our design
Our final design
How the pieces interact causing the need for our design
Cost factor impacting our design
Limitations in design
Health and safety issues restricting our design
Obtain pictures and images from other groups
How our design is both professionally and ethically responsible
Test Methods (programming) Describe in detail the methods you used to test your design. Again, more detail is better so that others can others can recreate your work. Include procedures and schematics/pictures showing the test setup.
Temp Sensors
Parasite Connection
Problems/Difficulties
Explain Code
TEC
Thermal Camera
Explain Code
Mosfet
Tested on fans
Explain Code
Fans
Connected to power supply
Results and Discussion (power) How did the system work? What problems were encountered? Compare its actual performance with what was desired. Include test results, data, and figures as appropriate. If the design did not perform as desired, discuss why.
Include sweet images from the camera.
How well it did or did not work.
Charts of cooling rates and heat dissipation
Previously made excel sheets and graphs
Conclusion (power) Summarize the results and give the outcomes of the project. What did you learn? How can the project be improved? Provide directions for future work.
A work in progress, still haven't reached our conclusion.
Include ways to improve the design for the future
Ways to decrease cost
Ways to decrease bulk
Ways to increase heat disipation
Ways to make device more effective
Other ideas to improve the device
Results from our final experiments.
What worked best and what didnt work.
References
Compilation of all references used thus far.
Appendix Include the following sections as appropriate: • Parts list (with quantities, part numbers, manufacturers, vendors, and prices) (sensors)
Already on the Wiki
• Complete circuit schematics (power)
To be done by the power group
• Complete hardware/ mechanical drawings (TECs)
A compilation of Brent's drawings with more from the research group?
• Program code (programming)
from the programming group obviously
Code
Software used herein is unique to the project. Though it may be a derivative of software published under the GNU licence, it is code that can only be used with the corresponding mapping that we generate and therefore has to be modified to fit any other device with different hardware or physical architecture. It is the unique functional correlation between devices and their respective code that makes this summation of this device a unique and creative generation of our own. The code that was referenced will be properly sourced.
The GNU and GPL licence states the following;
The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).
The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2).
The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
All Arduino hardware is also open source and claims the following;
Open-source hardware shares much of the principles and approach of free and open-source software. In particular, we believe that people should be able to study our hardware to understand how it works, make changes to it, and share those changes. To facilitate this, we release all of the original design files (Eagle CAD) for the Arduino hardware. These files are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license, which allows for both personal and commercial derivative works, as long as they credit Arduino and release their designs under the same license. The Arduino software is also open-source. The source code for the Java environment is released under the GPL and the C/C++ microcontroller libraries are under the LGPL.
http://www.mediafire.com/?9d37wjk3pdi77w
^the upload limit for wikispaces has been reached and breached here's the latests. I implore you please do not separate or rearrange sections. Ferd, Mike, James the code sections need titles, all sections other than design process need more titles to say what they are and they should be in bigger letters beside size 12. If anyone makes changes reload using same mediafire method and briefly talk about what you changed. I just added in the design process section and left off at the controller design. I will return to complete this section as well as the calculations section and I will be adding the rest of the data. (5/6/11 5:34am)
Ferd - your links.
FINAL PAPER HAS BEEN FINISHED AND SUBMITTED
+++++++
Letter of Transmittal - done
Abstract - done
Introduction - done
Objective - done
Our Impact - done
Design - needs overlooking (editing)
Testing Methods - done
Results - finished but if anyone has any mroe info that would be great
Conclusion - done
References - done
Appendix A - done
Appendix B - parts list...why wasn't TEC on that?
Appendix C - Coding..just gotta add the FSR sample code and we should be set...maybe lm 34 code?
Brent: I have originals of both of these...
Appendix D - Circuitry....needed?
Brent: I think it would be appropriate to fritz the modules separate from the controllers in the way that they were built. I'll include a diagram of the plug wiring.
Appendix E - Gnu licences ...needed? These can be found online...
Appendix F,G,H?
put your name somewhere if you want to volunteer to edit it, its going to need a lot of work
Mike Jennings, James Hall, and I (Ferdy bird) have been working on this for a while. I need the rest of you to fill what is missing.
remaining: 1) design section: look it over...see what can be done. we need to convert the URLs to the links in the appendix and have the references up top..unless the URLs are already made..idk..
Brent : I'll be detailing the design process today, I'll upload it once its done...
2) Design section: more information about the TEC...its lacking.
3) anything else required for appendix? ...the gnu liscence thingy? opinions? cookies?
4) and the one thing...the results...anyone know what these are?...no one can give anyone an answer...
Brent: There are quite a few mistakes on the data that was posted, I have original copies as well as other data that has not been resolved. I will excel these, explain them and post later today 3:30pm 05/09
Thanks guys...thats all that should be remaining
Link for final presentation
http://prezi.com/presentation/michael.c.jennings@gmail.com/87w3639/
Order:
Overview - Jerred
Research - James P
TEC - Annie
Sensors - Anthony
Programming - Ferd the Bird
Power - Miguel Jennings
Demonstration- Closing Remarks - B Higs
Paper so far:
If you want to edit this document with material instead of sending it to me just let me know what you did so I can keep track. Also make sure when you edit and upload you aren't overwriting someone else's work. I'll be back late tonight to compile it a lot more. Keep track of all your references so far too.
-Mike J
Outline:
Title page
Using TECnology to Regulate Core Body Temperature
Member List Here
ES 242 - Digital Health
Professor Mellodge
Submitted: mon/day/11
Letter of Transmittal (TECs)
A brief letter that provides an explanation of the report and what is included in it.
Table of contents
- Abstract X
- Introduction X
- Objective X
- Our Impact X
- Moral Issues (health & safety, ethical issues) X
- The effects that the materials used may have on the environment.- The long term effect of using TECs to cool the skin
Systems for maintaining the health and safety of people
Safety Rules
It is recommended that operation of a fully competed device be in the supervision of a medical practitioner when usage exceeds 30 minutes at maximum operation. Health risks include those inherent with any compressive or cold force that is applied to the skin as stated by physician Dr. Buanomano of CT Multispecialty Group. When compressive force is applied to the skin and blood vessels are flattened there is a small chance that the vessel may spasm. When cooling is applied, vessel spasm likely a greater possibility than either condition separately.
Tissue Response to Cooling
Human tissue is severely affected by cold. Under normal circumstances a drop in just one degree Centigrade translates into a 10% reduction tissue metabolism. More on tissue response can be found in Research Archive.
Safe Operation
The device is designed to be self contained however the current device is limited to dry environments. At maximum operation a moist environment or contact surface could cause the water to form ice which could be topically damaging to the skin. This would be especially relevant if the patient is comatose or under anesthesia where their body's would not undergo the typical thermoregulation, however this specific circumstance needs to be tested.
Risk Warning
Potential shock hazard if operated in wet conditions as the prototype casing is not sealed.
Injury
Compression should not exceed the recommended amount. This is presumed to be around 45mmHg * See xxx. Further research on maximum compression could be done. To determine if this maximum bodily compression has been reached, see the section on *Design Improvements.
For maximal operation of the device compression can range from 15mmHg to 35mmHg. More compression means a faster rate of tissue cooling, however this is not linear. Minimal compression levels should be met, however greater compression levels do not yield significant increases in rate of tissue cooling.
Instructions
1. Slip the battery packs into the battery sleeve.
2. Connect corresponding color coded wire ends.
3. Fit device into compression sleeve.
4. Secure firmly around subject's arm. Notice: If the blue light does not turn on it is likely the device is not making adequate contact with the interface area.
5. Sufficient pressure will cause the device to turn on and self regulate.
Controller
The test TEC is unique in the number of temperature sensors embedded in its casing. The controller uses a standard Arduino Lily Pad PCB with 328 ATmega processor. Ideally, the augmented microcontroller receives in put from the pressure and temperature sensors within the TEC module ......
Battery Schematic
Whole Schematic
The diagram below shows up our circuit is all connected as previously explained in each section. The 14.7V power supply connects directly to the two TECs in parallel. In parallel with those as well is two 12V regulators which are each connected to a CPU fan. These fans and TECs are each connected to their own MOSFET which is connected to ground. The Mosfets are connected to the "Pulse Width Modulation" ports on the arduino as well in order to regulate them. There is also the Arduino power supply which is connected only to the Arduino and ground. The last component is the temperature sensors. These are powered by the Arduino. These are also connected to a digital input port on the Arduino lilypad so it can read the digital temperature readings that they output as well. Due to the large number of components, there are a lot of wires which may look confusing on a diagram of the whole circuit setup.The peltier device is held in a PVC casing. In addition to providing hosing for the thermoelectric, fan, heat sink, and temperature sensors it provides for the three following actions imperative to the success of this idea:
-Heat removal (ducting)
-Hot side/ Cold side separation
-Compression
The heat sink is "attached" with a high performance, silver based thermal paste with a high rate of heat transfer. Any form of permanent attachment to the heat sink must be conscientious of the fact that interfering or introducing other epoxy or super glue material will have an effect, most likely negative, on the heat transfer characteristic between the ceramic surface of the hot side and the metal body of heat sink. Even in small drops of glue placed at all corners hardened and expanded increasing the amount of space between the heat sink and hot side surface. The PVC armature allows us just to use the thermal paste without any form of permanent or externally based attachment. Attached to the top of the heat sink is a fan or blower. The means of attachment is super glue. Blue and red LEDs are super glued to the side of the fan. A temperature sensor is super glued as close as possible to the base of the heat sink so as to minimize intrinsic error of the bulk temperature sensors we used, see Immersion Sensors vs Topical Sensors*.
Heat Removal (ducting)
*Ducting is can be accomplished using aluminum flashing and bending it with a bending tool. See glossary for the stencil that will yield the dimensions of a duct perfect for a 40mm by 40mm TEC and heatsink. Notice the DS18B20 fitted on the corner of the fan to measure air intake temperature. The white wire is a fan speed sensor that is intended for a computer mother board. Reasonably information could be collected from this wire to a microcontroller. This could be relevant to objects entering the fan and stopping the blade, i.e. hair or a finger. Designing in a short amount of time modifications must remain relevant to the time imperative completion objective of the device.
*The above shows a base armature design that was later scrapped because it presented difficulties when vacuum forming and overall, was more labour intensive to make than the PVC housing - as recommended by Enver O.
The above base was designed with heat separation in mind, which is a function of the current PVC assembly. Aluminum foil was cut in the form of the base and layered on either side to obtain cold side/ hot side separation.
*Aluminum foil, exacto knife used to cut it, and the base cut out pictured on the right side. This base is a high impact resin, heat transfer characteristic of the base is unknown however plastic is commonly considered an insulator.
Hot side/ cold side separation is important because our objective is to make the device pull heat out of the body. if these systems are crossed, rate of tissue cooling would be drastically lowered. If the case did not provide this separation, hot air that is blown off of the heat sink will waft over the body area we are trying to cool resulting in useless cyclical operation.
A more permanent arrangement of all these internal components: heat sink, fan and sensors could be made by milling a custom plastic case in the milling machine.
This PVC armature with all included internal components is then drapped in hot plastic through the vacuum forming process. This is more art than process and resulted in multiple issues, see Vacuum Forming*.
Small movement will occur between the heat sink and the surface of the peltier device until the thermal compound has completely dried and solidified. At this point it is likely that the heat transfer characteristic will as well be affected negatively and the ability of the heat sink and fan to remove heat will drop off, though by how much is undetermined. For now the PVC allows small movement while protecting these internal components from large impact. Though in a large impact such as dropping it from a table, the heat sink will likely detach from the hot side surface.
In summation the
In order to sustain the cooling action of the peltier or thermoelectric device, heat removal must also remain constant.
Heat removal is
-all the while affording us the opportunity to apply an amount of compression perpendicular to the planar surface that will be used for cooling
- Testing Methods
- Results
- Conclusion
- References
- Appendix
- Parts List
1)Part #and Name-$19.90 - PRT-10217 - LiPo Charger Basic ($9.95 ea.) 2unitsManufactures-N/a
Vender-SparkFun
Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161
Product description -The USB LiPo Charger is a basic charging circuit that allows you to charge 3.7V LiPo cells at a rate of 500mA or 100mA per hour. It is designed to charge single-cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer batteries.
2)Part #and Name- $11.85 - PRT-09771 - Theragrip Thermal Tape ($3.95 ea.)3units
Manufactures-N/a
Vender-SparkFun
Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161
Product description- Thermalloy Theragrip is a double sided tape for ceramic or metal heatsink packages. Theragrip provides both good thermal performance and excellent electrical isolation.
3)Part #and Name-$11.85 - COM-10256 - MOSFET Power Control Kit ($3.95 ea.)3units
Manufactures-N/a
Vender-SparkFun
Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/10161
Product description- -This MOSFET power control kit is basically a breakout for RFP30N06LE which is a very common MOSFET with very low on-resistance and a control voltage (aka gate voltage) that is compatible with any 3-5V micro controller or mechanical switch.
4)Part #and Name-$20.85 - PRT-00731 - Polymer Lithium Ion Battery - 110mAh ($6.95 ea.)3units
Manufactures-N/a
Vender-SparkFun
Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/731
Product description--This is a very small, extremely light weight batty based on the new Polymer Lithium Ion chemistry. This is the highest energy density currently in production. Each cells outputs a nominal 3.7V at 110mAh! Comes terminated with a standard 2-pin JST connector - 2mm spacing between pins.
5)Part #and Name-$44.85 - DEV-08786 - LilyPad LiPower ($14.95 ea.)-)3units
Manufactures-Leah Buechle
Vender-SparkFun
Link to data Sheet-http://www.sparkfun.com/products/8786
Product description--A small, but very mighty power supply. This board was designed to be as small and inconspicuous as possible. The nice thing about LiPower is the ability to use rechargable Lithium Polymer batteries. These batteries are smaller, flatter, and last much longer than a AAA battery. Attach a single cell LiPo battery, flip the power switch, and you will have a 5V supply to power your LilyPad network. Good up to 150mA. Short circuit protected.
Part #and Name -922007094-02 Dynatron DF124028_U 40x40x28MM SLEE (9.78EA Total with S&H = 34.54)
Manufactures- www.dynatron-corp.com/
Vendor- www.compuvest.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.dynatron-corp.com/en/product_detail_1.aspx?cv=&id=46&in=0
Reason for purchase -This CPU fan was purchased to be a heat sink for our TECs. It will disperse the heat that accumulates on it.
Part #and Name -67-3AIT-R2BW 12"x12" Vacuum Form Machine ($129.95)
Manufactures- http://www.widgetworksunlimited.com/
Vendor- http://www.amazon.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.widgetworksunlimited.com/12_x12_Hobby_Vacuum_Former_p/vf-12x12-vac_former.htm
Reason for purchase -This vacuum form machine was purchase to serve as a means to assemble the fans and TECs together as one component.
Part #and Name – COM-10256 MOSFET Power Controll Kit (Quantity 3)
Manufactures- N/A
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Components/General/MOSFET-Power-Control-v10.pdf
Reason for purchase -This Mosfet is used as a switch by the lilypad to regulate the power flowing to the TECs and Heat Sinks.
Part #and Name -DEV-08786 Lilypad LiPower (Quantity 3)
Manufactures- http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardLilyPad
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/DevTools/LilyPad/LilyPad-PowerSupply-Lipo.pdf
Reason for purchase -This device is built to function as a 5V power supply to the lilypad microcontroller when connected to a battery.
Part #and Name -DEV-09266 Lilypad Arduino 328 Main Board (Quantity 3)
Manufactures- http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardLilyPad
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/8271S.pdf
Reason for purchase – This Lilypad is the microcontroller for our operation. It will read the temperature data and operate the TECs using the mosfet and code.
Part #and Name -DEV-09716 FTDI Basic Breakout 5V (Quantity 3)
Manufactures- Leah Buechley and SparkFun Electronics
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/DevTools/Arduino/FTDI%20Basic-v21-5V.pdf
Reason for purchase -This breakout board helps supply the battery power to the lilypad and has indication LEDs to show whether it is operational.
Part #and Name -PRT-00731 Polymer Lithium Ion Battery – 110mAh (Quantity 3)
Manufactures- N/A
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Batteries/UnionBattery-110mAh.pdf
Reason for purchase -This is the 3.7V power supply for the lilypad which is raised to 5v by the breakout.
Part #and Name -SEN-00245 One Wire Digital Temp Sensor (Quantity 8)
Manufactures- http://www.maxim-ic.com/
Vendor- http://www.sparkfun.com/
Link to data Sheet- http://datasheets.maxim-ic.com/en/ds/DS18B20.pdf
Reason for purchase -This is the temperature sensor which will gather data about our targets temp. The data is sent to the lilypad which uses it to determine when to operate the TECs.
Arduino Lilly Pin Availability
A5 -LM35 (R)
A4 -LM35 (R)
A3 -FSR1 (L)
A2 -FSR2 (L)
A1 - FSR1(R)
A0 - FSR2(R)
13 -
12 - one wire (R)
11 - Fan for to peltier10 (R)
10 - mosfet to peltier10 (R)
9 - blue LED for peltier110 (R)
8 -one wire (L)
7 -red LED (R)
6 - mosfet to peltier6 (L)
5 - Fan for peltier6 (L)
4 -red LED (L)
3 - blue LED for peltier6 (L)
2 -
1-
0 -
Programming Code
Original Code
Original code in their unaltered form as well as their sources at the time of inclusion can be found here.
Peltier Device Power Level
http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Components/General/Peltier_Testing.pde
Fan Power Level
LEDs
Force Resistive Sensors
By Lady Ada
"
http://www.ladyada.net/learn/sensors/fsr.html
LM34
Temperature Sensors
Sourced from Instructables : http://www.instructables.com/community/arduino-bt-and-LM34-temperature-help-with-code/
Username : bhiggins
Basic LM 34 code
float temp3; LM34s connected to analog pin 3
int tempPin3=3;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
temp3= analogRead(tempPin3);
temp3= (5.0*temp3*100.0)/1024.0; Serial.print("temp3=");
Serial.println(temp3);
Temp3=Temp3*1.8+32;
Serial.print("temp3 in F=");
Serial.println(temp3);
delay(1000);
}
DS18B20 Standard Functionality
One Wire (DS18B20)
Functional Code
Summary of Code Modifications
LM34 Sensors
Code for LM34 Fahrenheit temperature sensors
/for two LM34s if your board pins are full consider using the dallas one wire set up
Fan Power
Peltier Power
The code that will be used in the device:
Smash&Grab :A demonstration and testing code with no variable control just maximum output. The FSR sensor is responsible for ON/OFF toggling. For two TECs, two fans, four pressure sensors, 2 LEDs and no temperature sensors.
RIGHT SIDE
int Rpeltier = 10; The N-Channel MOSFET is on digital pin 11
int Rpower ; Power level fro 0 to 99%
int Rpeltier_level = map(Rpower, 0, 99, 0, 255); This is a value from 0 to 255 that actually controls the MOSFET
int Rfan = 11;
int RfanPower;
int Rfan_level = map(RfanPower,0,99,0,255);
LEFT SIDE
int Lpeltier = 6; N-Channel MOSTFET on PWM pin 6 controlling peltier output
int Lpower ; Peltier power level from 0 to 99%
int Lpeltier_level = map(Lpower, 0, 99, 0, 255); This is a value from 0 to 255 that actually controls the peltier device
int Lfan = 5; N-Channel MOSFET on PWM pin 5 controlling fan speed
int LfanPower; Fan power level from 0 to 99%
int Lfan_level;
FSR resistor variables
RIGHT-SIDE
int RfsrPin = 0; the FSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a0
int R2fsrPin = 1; the second FRSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a1
int RfsrReading; the analog reading from the FSR resistor divider
int R2fsrReading;
int RfsrVoltage; the analog reading converted to voltage
int R2fsrVoltage;
unsigned long RfsrResistance; The voltage converted to resistance, can be very big so make "long"
unsigned long R2fsrResistance;
unsigned long RfsrConductance;
unsigned long R2fsrConductance;
long RfsrForce; Finally, the resistance converted to force
long R2fsrForce;
LEFT-SIDE
int LfsrPin = 0; the FSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a0
int L2fsrPin = 1; the second FRSR and 10K pulldown are connected to a1
int LfsrReading; the analog reading from the FSR resistor divider
int L2fsrReading;
int LfsrVoltage; the analog reading converted to voltage
int L2fsrVoltage;
unsigned long LfsrResistance; The voltage converted to resistance, can be very big so make "long"
unsigned long L2fsrResistance;
unsigned long LfsrConductance;
unsigned long L2fsrConductance;
long LfsrForce; Finally, the resistance converted to force
long L2fsrForce;
LEDs
RIGHT-SIDE
int RblueLED = 9;
int Rbluebrightness;
LEFT-SIDE
int LblueLED = 3;
int Lbluebrightness;
void setup(void) {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop(void) {
FSR PRESSURE SENSOR I/O
RIGHT-SIDE
RfsrReading = analogRead(RfsrPin);
Serial.print("Analog R1 = ");
Serial.println(RfsrReading);
R2fsrReading = analogRead(R2fsrPin);
Serial.print("Analog R2 = ");
Serial.println(R2fsrReading);
Analog voltage reading ranges from about 0 to 1023 which maps to 0V to 5V (= 5000mV)
RfsrVoltage = map(RfsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000);
Serial.print("R1 Voltage in mV = ");
Serial.println(RfsrVoltage);
R2fsrVoltage = map(R2fsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000);
Serial.print("R2 Voltage in mV = ");
Serial.println(R2fsrVoltage);
if (RfsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("R1 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
RfsrResistance = 5000 - RfsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
RfsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
RfsrResistance /= RfsrVoltage;
Serial.print("R1 ohms = ");
Serial.println(RfsrResistance) ;
}
if (R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("R2 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
R2fsrResistance = 5000 - R2fsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
R2fsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
R2fsrResistance /= R2fsrVoltage;
Serial.print("R2 in ohms = ");
Serial.println( R2fsrResistance);
RfsrConductance = 1000000; micromhos
RfsrConductance /= RfsrResistance;
Serial.print("R1 in microMhos: "); conductance
Serial.println( RfsrConductance);
R2fsrConductance = 1000000; micromhos
R2fsrConductance /= R2fsrResistance;
Serial.print("FSR2 microMhos: "); conductance
Serial.println( R2fsrConductance);
}
Use the two FSR guide graphs to approximate the force
if (RfsrConductance <= 1000) {
double RfsrForce = RfsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("R1 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(RfsrForce,4);
RfsrForce = RfsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("R1 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(RfsrForce,4);
}
if (R2fsrConductance <= 1000) {
double R2fsrForce = R2fsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("R2 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
R2fsrForce = R2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("R2 Force in Pounds:");
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
} else {
double RfsrForce = RfsrConductance - 1000;
RfsrForce /= 30;
Serial.print("R1 Force in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(RfsrForce,4);
RfsrForce = RfsrForce/4.44822162;
double R2fsrForce = R2fsrConductance - 1000;
R2fsrForce /= 30;
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
R2fsrForce = R2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("R1 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(RfsrForce,4);
Serial.print("R2 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(R2fsrForce,4);
}
LEFT-SIDE
LfsrReading = analogRead(LfsrPin);
Serial.print("L1 analog reading = ");
Serial.println(LfsrReading);
L2fsrReading = analogRead(L2fsrPin);
Serial.print("L2 analog reading = ");
Serial.println(L2fsrReading);
analog voltage reading ranges from about 0 to 1023 which maps to 0V to 5V (= 5000mV)
LfsrVoltage = map(LfsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000);
Serial.print("L1 in mV = ");
Serial.println(LfsrVoltage);
L2fsrVoltage = map(L2fsrReading, 0, 1023, 0, 5000);
Serial.print("L2 in mV = ");
Serial.println(L2fsrVoltage);
if (LfsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("L1 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
LfsrResistance = 5000 - LfsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
LfsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
LfsrResistance /= LfsrVoltage;
Serial.print("L1 in ohms = ");
Serial.println(LfsrResistance) ;
}
if (L2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Serial.println("L2 no pressure");
}else { The voltage = Vcc * R / (R + FSR) where R = 10K and Vcc = 5V so FSR = ((Vcc - V) * R) / V yay math!
L2fsrResistance = 5000 - L2fsrVoltage; fsrVoltage is in millivolts so 5V = 5000mV
L2fsrResistance *= 10000; 10K resistor
L2fsrResistance /= L2fsrVoltage;
Serial.print("L2 in ohms = ");
Serial.println( L2fsrResistance);
LfsrConductance = 1000000; we measure in micromhos so
LfsrConductance /= LfsrResistance;
Serial.print("L1 in microMhos: ");
Serial.println( LfsrConductance);
L2fsrConductance = 1000000; we measure in micromhos so
L2fsrConductance /= L2fsrResistance;
Serial.print("L2 in microMhos: ");
Serial.println( L2fsrConductance);
}
Use the two FSR guide graphs to approximate the force
if (LfsrConductance <= 1000) {
double LfsrForce = LfsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("L1 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(LfsrForce,4);
LfsrForce = LfsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("L1 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(LfsrForce,4);
}
if (L2fsrConductance <= 1000) {
double L2fsrForce = L2fsrConductance / 80;
Serial.print("L2 Newtons: ");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
L2fsrForce = L2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("L2 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
} else {
double LfsrForce = LfsrConductance - 1000;
LfsrForce /= 30;
Serial.print("L1 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(LfsrForce,4);
LfsrForce = LfsrForce/4.44822162;
double L2fsrForce = L2fsrConductance - 1000;
L2fsrForce /= 30;
Serial.print("L2 in Newtons: ");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
L2fsrForce = L2fsrForce/4.44822162;
Serial.print("L1 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(LfsrForce,4);
Serial.print("L2 in Pounds:");
Serial.println(L2fsrForce,4);
}
RIGHT AND LEFT LED CONTROLLER
Rbluebrightness = map(RfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 255); we'll need to change the range from the analog reading (0-1023) down to the range
Lbluebrightness =map(LfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 255); used by analogWrite (0-255) with map!
analogWrite(RblueLED, Rbluebrightness); LED gets brighter the harder you press, though the fsrReading's cieling is 1023,
analogWrite(LblueLED, Lbluebrightness); it makes sense to change this to 800 as it relates to our power mapping
TEC CONTROLLER
Rpower = map(RfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 99); increasing the final fsrReading value will make the pressure sensor more variable and less like an on and off switch
Lpower = map(LfsrReading, 0, 800, 0, 99);
if (RfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Rpeltier_level = 0;
}else {
Rpeltier_level = 255;
}
if (LfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Lpeltier_level = 0;
}
else{
Lpeltier_level = 255;
}
Serial.print(" RPLevel=");
Serial.println(Rpeltier_ level);
Serial.print(" LPLevel=");
Serial.println(Lpeltier_ level);
analogWrite(Rpeltier, Rpeltier_level); Write this new value out to the port
analogWrite(Lpeltier, Lpeltier_level); Write this new value out to the port
FAN CONTROLLER
if (RfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Rfan_level = 0;
}else {
Rfan_level = 255;
}
if (LfsrVoltage + R2fsrVoltage == 0) {
Lfan_level = 0;
}
else{
Lfan_level = 255;
}
analogWrite(Rfan, Rfan_level); Write this new value out to the port
analogWrite(Lfan, Lfan_level); Write this new value out to the port
//delay(300);
}
Introduction (TECs)
Our Projected Impact (sensors)
Moral Issues (research)
Design (research)
Describe your design in detail. If you think you have too much detail, you are probably wrong. The
intent of this section is to describe your design, discuss your design procedure, and justify your
decisions so that someone else can recreate your work. Include figures, flowcharts, schematics, or
pseudocode as appropriate. Also, in this section include subsections about the following issues: (1) Economic factors in the
design, (2) How the design addresses health and safety Issues, and (3) How the design incorporates
professional and/or ethical responsibilities.
Test Methods (programming)
Describe in detail the methods you used to test your design. Again, more detail is better so that others
can others can recreate your work. Include procedures and schematics/pictures showing the test
setup.
Results and Discussion (power)
How did the system work? What problems were encountered? Compare its actual performance with
what was desired. Include test results, data, and figures as appropriate. If the design did not perform
as desired, discuss why.
Conclusion (power)
Summarize the results and give the outcomes of the project. What did you learn? How can the
project be improved? Provide directions for future work.
References
Appendix
Include the following sections as appropriate:
• Parts list (with quantities, part numbers, manufacturers, vendors, and prices) (sensors)
- Already on the Wiki
• Complete circuit schematics (power)- To be done by the power group
• Complete hardware/ mechanical drawings (TECs)- A compilation of Brent's drawings with more from the research group?
• Program code (programming)Code
Software used herein is unique to the project. Though it may be a derivative of software published under the GNU licence, it is code that can only be used with the corresponding mapping that we generate and therefore has to be modified to fit any other device with different hardware or physical architecture. It is the unique functional correlation between devices and their respective code that makes this summation of this device a unique and creative generation of our own. The code that was referenced will be properly sourced.
The GNU and GPL licence states the following;
As cited from http://www.gnu.org/home.html
All Arduino hardware is also open source and claims the following;
Open-source hardware shares much of the principles and approach of free and open-source software. In particular, we believe that people should be able to study our hardware to understand how it works, make changes to it, and share those changes. To facilitate this, we release all of the original design files (Eagle CAD) for the Arduino hardware. These files are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license, which allows for both personal and commercial derivative works, as long as they credit Arduino and release their designs under the same license.
The Arduino software is also open-source. The source code for the Java environment is released under the GPL and the C/C++ microcontroller libraries are under the LGPL.
As cited from http://arduino.cc/en/Main/FAQ